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新质生产力的核心特点是创新，创新驱动的本质是新质人才驱动。本文基于马克思总体工人概念，对新质人才内涵进行了蠡探，从“能力素养—功能取向—价值体现”三个维度解构了新质人才促使新质生产力发展的逻辑机理及作用机制。使用2012—2021年全国31个省份(除港澳台地区)面板数据，运用双向固定效应模型进行实证检验后发现：(1)新质人才可以对新质生产力发展起到积极作用，在经过一系列稳健性检验后，这一结论依然成立。(2)新质人才可以通过提升全要素生产率和促使产业结构转型升级这两个作用机制影响新质生产力。(3)新质人才对新质生产力的影响会因地区人工智能水平差异、高等教育发展水平差异和区域差异而存在异质性。有鉴于此，本文认为，应深化新质人才“引育留用”体制机制改革，探索发展新质生产力的多维路径；应结合各地教育禀赋、科研基础和制度优势赋能新质人才，以健全因地制宜发展新质生产力的体制机制。
Abstract：The core feature of new-quality productivity is innovation, and the essence of innovation-driven development is new-quality talent-driven growth. Based on Marx's concept of collective workers, this paper explores the connotation of new-quality talents, and further deconstructs the logical mechanism and action mechanism of new-quality talents in promoting new quality productive forces from the three dimensions: compentence & literacy, functional orientation, and value embodiment. Using the panel data of 31 provinces(except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) in China from 2012 to 2021 and using the two-way fixed effect model for empirical testing, it is found that: firstly, new-quality talents can play a positive role in the development of new quality productive forces. After a series of robustness tests, this conclusion is still hold. Secondly, new-quality talents can affect new quality productive forces by improving total factor productivity and promoting industrial structure upgrading. Thirdly, the impact of new-quality talents on new quality productive forces is heterogeneous, varying with regional disparities in artificial intelligence development, higher eduvation level, and location. Accordingly, this paper suggests deepening the reform of the system and mechanism of “attracting, educating, retaining and employing” new-quality talents, and explore the multi-dimensional path of developing new quality productive forces; in order to improve the system and mechanism of developing new quality productive forces according to local conditions, we should combine the educational endowment, scientific research foundation and institutional advantages of various regions to empower new-quality talents.
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(1)本文研究对象为全国除港澳台地区外的31个省份。考虑到发展新质生产力的政策实施区域,并且为了便于表述,本文以31个省份的新质生产力水平表征中国(全国)新质生产力水平。
(2)通过依次加入控制变量,能够在一定程度上缓解因遗漏变量带来的偏误(何可等,2023)。
基本信息:
中图分类号:F124;C964.2
引用信息:
[1]张建平,葛扬,许润达.新质人才何以引领新质生产力——基于马克思总体工人概念的研究[J].政治经济学季刊,2025,4(02):38-60.
基金信息:
2024年江苏省社会科学基金青年项目(24MLC004); 2024年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2024SJYB0352); 2023年江苏省高等教育教改立项研究重中之重课题(课题编号:2023JSJG002); 2023年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(课题编号:2023SJSZ0113); 2024年江苏第二师范学院思政工作研究专项课题(ZD01)的资助
2025-06-26
2025-06-26
2025-06-26