中美日韩全劳动生产率水平的国际比较——基于世界投入产出嵌套表的测算International Comparison of Total Labor Productivity in China,America,Japan and South Korea——Measurement Based on the Nested World Input-Output Table
戴艳娟,邢嘉浩,李洁,泉弘志
摘要(Abstract):
现有的世界投入产出表是价值型投入产出表,非实物型投入产出表,在进行国际比较时需要利用购买力平价(PPP)作为转换系数,对各国生产率水平进行横向比较。本文根据ICP发布的155行业的PPP编制了中美日韩16个产业的PPP,分别得到中日、中韩和中美的价格比,并将基于OECD的WIOD数据和Eora MRIO数据形成的嵌套表测算的中美日韩四国的16个产业的全劳动量转换为可比价格下的全劳动量,进一步比较四国分行业的全劳动生产率水平。结果显示:整体来看,2011年美国的全劳动生产率在中美日韩四国中都处于优势地位;分行业来看,中国食品制造业、纤维制品业和电机制造业等第二产业的全劳动生产率与美日韩三国差距较大,而交通运输业和通信邮政业的差距则较小。
关键词(KeyWords): 全劳动生产率;全要素生产率;购买力平价;生产率水平比较
基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金重大项目《粤港澳贸易往来资料整理与研究(1840—2020)》(项目号:23&ZD066)的资助
作者(Author): 戴艳娟,邢嘉浩,李洁,泉弘志
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- (1)OECD WIOD公布的分行业从业人数与该国发布的数据存在差异的原因有多方面,主要原因可能是对各行业就业的定义存在差异,例如,从业人员同时拥有两个以上的职位时的处理,及临时从业者的处理等都可能存在差异。但是目前未能寻找到关于OECD WIOD相关数据的定义和编制方法,因此无法确定差异的原因。
- (2)https://databank.worldbank.org/source/global-jobs-indicators-database-(join)
- (3)https://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2009-10/27/content_1450208.htm。
- (4)https://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2011-01/18/content_1786872.htm。
- (5)https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/houdou/2r98520000020x6j.html 一般職業紹介状況(平成23年12月分及び平成23年分)について|報道発表資料|厚生労働省。