戴翔,成鹏东,张二震

• 1:南京审计大学统计与数据科学学院
• 2:南京大学长三角经济社会发展研究中心

摘要(Abstract)：

制度型开放是中国对外开放进入新发展阶段后的重大战略转型，鲜有文献对中国制度型开放水平进行量化评估和特质判断。本文从制度型开放的内涵和根本特征出发，基于国内制度创新和国际FTA网络构建的双向协同视角，测度了2013—2022年中国省级制度型开放水平的动态综合指数。结果显示，中国各省级制度型开放成效显著，差异明显：从“组别”特征看，“海向全球开放”的华北、华东和华南地区的“第一梯队”,其制度型开放具领先性；“腹地梯度开放”的华中和东北地区的“第二梯队”,其制度型开放具建设性；“陆向跨域开放”的西南和西北地区的“第三梯队”,其制度型开放具包容性。基于空间差异收敛性检验结果表明，各省制度型开放水平并无收敛之势，异质性“省级”特征依旧显著，说明与以往政策性开放不同，制度型开放更难以通过地区间的简单复制和模仿走向同质化；检验结果显示存在的空间自相关性现象表明省级制度型开放的“相通”性。以党的二十大报告提出的“稳步扩大制度型开放”重要精神为指引，未来各地区须根据省级格局和态势，通过探索制度型开放的差异化道路，共同迈向更高水平开放的一致目标。

关键词(KeyWords)： 制度型开放;动态综合评价;省级态势

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金青年项目“制度型开放提升制造业价值链韧性的机理、效应与政策优化研究”(24CJL014);; 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“中国省域制度型开放水平测度及空间分布特征”(KYCX24_2346)的资助

作者(Author): 戴翔,成鹏东,张二震

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• (1)本文研究对象及测算结果的描述主体为中国内地地区的31个省(自治区、直辖市),后文的描述统一简称为中国省级地区,港澳台因为条件限制及数据质量问题,不在本文研究的范围之内。
• (2)数据来源:http://rtais.wto.org/UI/PublicMaintainRTAHome.aspx。
• (3)数据来源:http://fta.mofcom.gov.cn/nicaragua/nicaragua_agreementText.shtml。
• (4)数据来源:https://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01。
• (5)数据来源:https://www.designoftradeagreements.org/downloads/。
• (6)经过检验,其他年份的数据亦得出相同的结论。
• (7)限于篇幅,其他年份的数据处理过程相同,综合指数均有相同的解释性。
• (8)十个地区:北京、天津、吉林、上海、江苏、福建、山东、河南、广东和陕西。
• (9)七个地区:黑龙江、江西、贵州、西藏、甘肃、青海和新疆。
• (10)①华北区域:北京、天津、河北、山西、内蒙古;②东北区域:辽宁、吉林、黑龙江;③华东区域:上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、江西、山东;④华中区域:河南、湖北、湖南;⑤华南区域:广东、广西、海南;⑥西南区域:重庆、四川、贵州、云南、西藏;⑦西北区域:陕西、甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆。
• (11)包括海南自由贸易港,后文统称“自贸区”。